TIA Portal data types?

Commonly known as "User Defined dataType" (UDT). 

UDT's exist within that PLC.  These UDTs are not global within the entire Portal project - and all PLCs within the portal project - if there are multiple PLCs in the same project - for example. 

If you want the same UDT in multiple PLCs, then each PLC's "PLC Data Types" will have the UDT defined within each PLC's portion of the Portal project tree.

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What is the Tia portal PLC data type and why is a new data type added and what is it used for?

The UDT is a user specified structure constructed from different base data types. This is useful to group different values together as a group even if these are not all of the same data type.

The user can freely create a UDT as the user wants. UDTs are created automatically when using some standard library function that makes use of some UDT. This includes Siemens created instructions and external libraries.

Hi,

some more informations you will find in TIA manual:

Basics of PLC data types (UDT)

Regards,

Towome